The History and Context of the Brno Ring Boulevard

Frequently compared to Vienna’s Ringstrasse, the Brno ring boulevard must nonetheless – despite the shared association with Ludwig Förster – be considered a completely unique urban development, dating to the end of the 18th century. Competition proposals for the design of the Brno ring boulevard predetermined the final form of the regulatory plan, which was used […]

Urban Transitions in Kraków in the 19th and Early 20th Centuries: The Inner and Outer Rings

Significant changes took place in the urban space of Kraków in the 19th and first half of the 20th century, partly related to the liquidation of the old city fortifications (1806–1815). An oval-shaped park (Planty) was established in place of the demolished medieval fortifications and filled moats in 1815–1834. Then, a circular street was marked […]